Jet pump for jet propulsive apparatus



Sept. 8, 1953 c. c. WHIMS JET PUMP FOR JET PROPULSIVE APPARATUS Filed Dec. 4, 1946 gwuvwtov Charles C. "M13725 Patented Sept. 8, 1953 STATES FPATLENT 0F F ICE JET'PUMP-FOR JET PROPULSIVE APPARATUS Charles G. whims, Columbus, Ohio Application December 4, 194-6, SerialNo. 714,006

2 Claims.- (01. 230-103) -'.lhis invention relates to thrust-producing jet impellers :and, more particularly, jet impellers of the type in which fluids, issuing under high velocity and pressure zfrom :a :flu id outlet :of an impeller into :a relatively static and ambient fluid medium, :are utilized to develop motive forces.

Usually jet motors ior impellers are formed to provide confined nozzle passages through which the power-generating fluids are advanced longi- 'tudinal'ly, all moving in the .same direction under pressure flow from :the :fluid inlet .of such a passage to :the :outlet thereof. In :accordance with the present invention, however, :a jet impeller provided consisting lot an open-ended casing or :bam'el into the inlet end :of which primary :are introduced inwardly and radially with respect to the longitudinal axis of the barrel and :a secondary :body of vfluid is introduced and forced longitudinally of the barrel axis, intersecting the primary fluids and displacing their direction :of flow insuch manner :as "to increase their velocity and ienergydevelcping power over conventional forms of jet impellers.

It is, therefore, an object of the present invent-ion to provide a novel mode and means for introducing motivating fluids into the inlet end of :an impeller casing, wherein the fluid under pressure enters the casing through a plurality of spaced inwardly and radially disposed nozzles, directing primary ,jetsrof fluid underi'pressure substantially perpendicularly toward the longitudinal axis of the casing, and wherein the ,primary jets of fluid are intersected and .so displaced .as to cause the same to flow rearwardly and longitudinally of the casing by the employment of a secondary fluid stream moving generally longitudinally of the casing and tangentially with respect to the initial direction of travel of the primary jets issuing from said nozzles, whereby through such interaction to increase the kinetic energy and velocity of the fluids in a manner rendering the jet impeller more efiicient and effective in its operation than those previously provided in the art.

Another object of the invention is to provide a jet impeller of the character set forth having a nozzle casing or barrel formed at one end with a multiplicity of inlets by which fluid under pressure is introduced into the barrel in a manner radially and inwardly as well as longitudinally thereof, the longitudinally moving fluids interacting with the radially and inwardly injected fluids to promote their velocity travel through the casing or barrel and improving the power-developing characteristics of the impeller. For a further understanding of the invention,

reference is to be had to the following description and the accompanying drawing, wherein:

'Fig. 1 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view taken through a jet impeller formed in accordance with the present invention;

Fig. '2 is a vertical transverse sectional View on the plane indicated by the line 2-2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a similar view on a somewhat larger scale;

Fig. 4 is adiagram or graph showing the tangential forces developed in the operation of my improved impeller.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged fragmentary vertical sectional view' taken through the forward portion of the compartmenting structure.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, my improved impeller comprises a casing, cylinder er barrel 1; the fluid inlet end 2 thereof is joined with an axially disposed conduit 3 through which a secondary body of fluid is advanced longitudinally in the direction indicated by the arrows a. Mounted within the cylinder or barrel adjacent to its inlet end is a spider S, the latter in this instance embodying a longitudinally extending open-ended tube 4, arranged in coaxial relationship with the conduit '3. Radiating :from the tube 4 are a plurality of stationary plates -5, so arranged as to produce a multiplicity of substantially V-shaped channels -6. Also, the plates *5 are relatively spaced to produce open-ended passages I for the travel of secondary fluid alone.

Entering the channels '6 and extending -inwardly and radially 0f "the cylinder I from the peripheral wall thereof are a plurality of primary fluid injecting nozzles 8, these nozzles being disposed in spaced parallel rows and with the outer ends of the nozzles connected with fluid supplying pipes 9, these pipes leading to a fluid pump, blower or other power driven fluid-displacing means, not shown. The casing or cylinder I may be of any suitable length and the end thereof opposite to the inlet end 2 is open as at II] to constitute a fluid outlet. In this instance, the inlet end of the tube 4 is surrounded by a disk I! which is arranged to divert in part the flow of the secondary fluid entering the cylinder through the conduit 3 so that it will pass into the channels 6 contiguous to the outer peripheral wall of the cylinder.

In the operation of the injector, air or other fluid is caused to flow continuously through the conduit 3 into the cylinder I. Air or other fluid under higher pressures than that of the fluid entering the cylinder through the conduit 3 is jetted continuously into the cylinder through the nozzles 8 in directions inwardly and radially of the cylinder, that is, toward the tube 4. The channels 6 are filled with the high pressure primary fluid and the latter is diverted for travel longitudinally of the cylinder by the pressure of the incoming secondary fluid so that it issues from the channels 6, as indicated by the arrows b.

In this regard, the primary fluid is projected toward the discharge end of the cylinder by the confluence therewith of the secondary fluid, which enters the inlet ends of the channels 6 over the peripheral edges of the baflle disk II. A suction effect is also produced by the escape of the fluids from the forward ends of the channels 6, drawing the secondary low pressure fluids through the tube 4 and the channelsv 6 by an injector or aspirator action. By this arrangement, the merged fluid streams pass completely through the cylinder and emerge from the outlet to thereof at extremely high velocities, the momentum of which causes reaction on the impeller and thereby producing motion on the part of the structure carrying the impeller. Thus the latter may be used as a motor for airplanes and water craft as well as various other industrial applications.

Fig. 4 of the drawing discloses a tangential graph wherein AC represents the force produced by the high pressure primary fluids introduced radially of the cylinder, and GB represents the force produced by the longitudinally moving secondary fluids; both forces converging to produce a resultant force AB which forces discharge through the outlet H] to produce the necessary reaction on the impeller. Thus as the velocities of the incoming primary and secondary fluids are increased, the resultant convergent force is directly increased to provide the necessary overall increase in velocity of the fluids discharging from the outlet of the barrel.

From a consideration of the theoretical forces disclosed in the tangential graph of Fig. 4, the advantages of introducing the high pressure primary fluids radially and inwardly from outside the cylinder will be manifest, particularly with respect to previous types of jet impellers in which the motivating fluid is introduced into one end of a confined passage and pass slowly in a lon gitudinal direction therethrough toward and through the outlet of the passage.

I claim:

1. Jet pump apparatus comprising: a cylinder having an inlet at one end and an outlet at its opposite end; a partition structure arranged in said cylinder intermediate the ends thereof and defining an open-ended tube disposed in spaced axial alignment with the inlet of said cylinder for conducting at least a part of a first Working fluid introduced to said inlet longitudinally and axially of said cylinder; a plurality of radially extending webs formed'on said partition structure and defining a plurality of radially disposed channels around said tube, each of said channels having one end thereof in fluid communication with the inlet of said cylinder for conducting a portion of the first working fluid longitudinally of said cylinder in a stream parallel to said tube; and means formed in said cylinder and communicating with each of said channels for introducing a second working fluid under pressure in directions substantially perpendicular to the direction of flowof the first-named fluid through said channels.

2, Jet pump apparatus comprising: a cylinder having a relatively restricted fluid inlet at one end and an openunrestricted outlet conforming to the full internal diameter of the cylinder at its other end, said cylinder being formed intermediately of its ends with a plurality of circumferentially spaced openings; nozzle devices positioned in said openings through which a first high pressure working fluid is advanced and introduced radially and inwardly of said cylinder; a partitioning structure disposed within said cylinder adjacent to and spaced from a fluid inlet end thereof, said structure serving to compartment the interior of the cylinder in a manner producing therein a plurality of longitudinally extending substantially V-shaped radially disposed channels in which said nozzle devices are positioned in part; a longitudinally extending open-ended tube disposed in the center of said partitioning structure in longitudinal axial alignment with the inlet of said cylinder; and means for diverting a second working fluid entering said cylinder under pressure through the fluid inlet in one end thereof, said diverting means serving to advance said second working fluid longitudinally through said channels with the second working fluid entering the channels contiguous to an outer wall of the cylinder.

CHARLES C. WHIMS.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,362,997 Koleroff Dec. 21, 1920 2,018,779 Endres ,Oct. 29, 1935 2,134,460 Van den Honert Oct. 25, 1938 2,375,180 Vigo May 1, 1945 

